Raymond Dwek studies the structure, biosynthesis and biology of chains of sugar molecules known as saccharides — a field called glycobiology. Through his research on sugars, Raymond has made significant contributions to our understanding in multiple areas of the biosciences, including protein folding, immunology and virology.

Like proteins, sugar molecules — or glycans — are complex and varied, with many branches. However, these important mediators of protein folding and cell–cell interactions are difficult to research due to the limited scope of available analytical tools. By adapting techniques such as mass spectrometry, Raymond has developed new methods that are likely to unlock the secrets of how glycans are made.

According to a recent report on the future of the field, glycobiology holds promise for advances in diverse areas such as medicine, energy generation and materials science. Raymond has already made major contributions to the development of novel strategies for antiviral therapeutics and vaccines. He was awarded a CBE in 2013 for fostering UK–Israel scientific collaboration.