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Overview

Scientific discussion meeting organised by Professor Sandrine Heutz, Professor Jenny Nelson FRS, Professor Garry Rumbles and Professor Martin Heeney.

This meeting is postponed. More details to follow.

Processes involving the photoexcited states of matter, or excitons, underpin some of today’s most important and diverse scientific advances, from solar cells, to quantum technologies via photosystems and catalysis. This meeting brings together world-leaders from traditionally separate fields to share views on the fundamental science, exploitation and characterisation of excitons, aiming to generate radical advances in exciton science and technology.

The full schedule of talks is available below. Recordings of the presentations will be available on this page after the meeting has taken place. Meeting papers will be published in a future issue of Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A.

Poster session

There will be an in person poster session on Monday 19 September at the meeting venue and an online poster gallery for the duration of the meeting. If you would like to apply to present a poster please submit your proposed title, abstract (not more than 200 words and in third person), author list, name of the proposed presenter and institution to the Scientific Programmes team no later than Thursday 8 September 2022. Please include the text 'Poster abstract submission' in the email subject line. Please note that places are limited and posters are selected at the scientific organisers' discretion.

Attending this event

This meeting is postponed. More details to follow.

Enquiries: contact the Scientific Programmes team

Organisers

Schedule

09:00-09:30

Abstract

Abstract will be available soon

Speakers

09:30-09:45
Discussion
09:45-10:15

Abstract

In the prevailing picture of organic semiconductors, molecular vibrations are thought to cause scattering and localisation of electronic wavefunctions. This results in the suppression of exciton and charge transport, leading to poor mobilities and diffusion lengths. At the same time, the coupling of excitons to high-frequency vibrational modes (1000 – 1600 cm-1) accelerates non-radiative decay dynamics, which is detrimental to the performance of all light emitters and photovoltaics based on molecular semiconductors. Since organic systems are primarily based on carbon-carbon bonds, vibrational coupling to high-frequency modes has been thought to be unavoidable. 

In this talk I will present recent experimental ultrafast spectroscopy and ultrafast microscopy results which suggest that both these paradigms can be overcome. I will discuss a new mechanism for exciton diffusion, transient delocalisation, which can enable exciton diffusion constants up to 1cm2/s and diffusion lengths greater than 300nm. I will also discuss results which suggest that it is possible to completely decouple excitons from high-frequency vibrational modes, thus greatly supressing non-radiative recombination and enabling high luminescence efficiencies in low-bandgap organic systems. Finally, I will present exciting recent very results on the most important exciton systems in the world, natural light harvesting complexes. Here we are now able to image in real-space and in real-time the flow of excitons from antenna complexes to the reaction centre within living photosynthetic bacterial, and what we find is quite surprising. 

Speakers

10:15-10:30
Discussion
10:30-11:00
Coffee break
11:00-11:30

Abstract

Charge, energy, and information carriers, when considered as quantum-mechanical particles, are attributed a phase which manifests through coherence and interference and which is not present for classical particles. Despite the continuing success of quantum mechanics as a predictive theory, we remain surprisingly limited in harnessing this quantum phase for the bottom-up engineering of molecular materials. Here we experimentally demonstrate an exceptional sensitivity of coherent exciton migration and exciton-exciton annihilation (EEA) to the spatial phase relationships of the involved excitons. We employed time-resolved optical microscopy to independently determine exciton diffusion constants and annihilation rates in two substituted perylene diimide aggregates featuring contrasting excitonic phase envelopes. Low-temperature EEA rates were found to differ by more than two orders of magnitude for the two compounds, despite comparable diffusion constants. Simulated rates based on a microscopic theory, in excellent agreement with experiments, rationalize this EEA behavior based on quantum interference arising from the presence or absence of spatial phase oscillations of delocalized excitons. These results offer an entirely new approach for designing molecular materials using quantum phase engineering where low annihilation can coexist with high exciton concentrations and mobilities. 

Speakers

11:30-11:45
Discussion
11:45-12:15

Abstract

Abstract will be available soon

Speakers

12:15-12:30
Discussion
12:30-13:30
Lunch

Chair

13:35-14:05

Abstract

Abstract and speaker will be available soon
14:05-14:20
Discussion
14:20-14:50

Abstract

Abstract will be available soon

Speakers

14:50-15:05
Discussion
15:05-15:30
Tea break
15:30-16:00
Conformation Change of Exciton Pair: Spin-Entanglement Transport during Singlet Fission

Abstract

Singlet fission (SF) is expected to exceed the Shockley–Queisser theoretical limit of efficiency of organic solar cells. Spin-entanglement in the triplet pair state via one singlet exciton is a promising phenomenon for several energy conversion applications including quantum information science. However, direct observation of the electron spin polarization by transports of entangled spin-states has not been demonstrated. Furthermore, vibronic mechanisms of the dissociation of the triplet excitons are poorly understood in the SF process. In this study, time-resolved electron paramagnetic resonance has been utilized to observe the transportations of the singlet and quintet characters generating spin-correlated correlated triplet pair (SCTP) by probing the electron spin polarization (ESP) generated in thin films of 6,13-bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl)pentacene. We have clearly demonstrated that the ESP detected in resonance field positions of the individual triplet excitons are dependent on morphology and on detection delay time after laser flash to cause SF. The ESPs were clearly explained by quantum superposition of singlet-triplet-quintet wavefunctions via picosecond triplet-exciton dissociation as the electron spin polarization transfer from strongly exchange-coupled singlet TT states to the weakly-coupled SCTP via spin-spin dipolar couplings with preserving conformations of the excitons.

Speakers

16:00-16:15
Discussion
16:15-16:45

Abstract

Abstract and speaker will be available soon
16:45-17:00
Discussion
17:00-18:00
Poster session

Chair

09:00-09:30

Abstract

Photocurrent generation in organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices is driven by the creation and subsequent separation of excitons into free electrons and holes. To do this effectively generally requires mixing “donor” and “acceptor” materials with differing ionisation potentials and electron affinities to overcome the exciton binding energy. In contrast, materials with low exciton binding energies such as silicon and three dimensional perovskites generate free charge carriers directly upon photoexcitation at room temperature. The binding energy of an exciton is dependent on a number of factors, including being proportional to the inverse square of the dielectric constant. As a result, it is expected that increasing the dielectric constant of organic semiconductor materials will enhance the exciton dissociation rate and improve OPV performance. This presentation will describe the development of materials that have been engineered with the aim of increasing the dielectric constant to decrease the exciton binding energy. The materials syntheses and optoelectronic properties will be described, with a particular focus on the factors that affect the dielectric constant.

Speakers

09:30-09:45
Discussion
09:45-10:15

Abstract

Abstract and speaker will be available soon

10:15-10:30
Discussion
10:30-11:00
Coffee break
11:00-11:30

Abstract

Inspired by the notion that semiconductor nanocrystals present molecular-like photophysical and photochemical properties, CdSe and InP quantum dots decorated with chromophoric surface ligands are shown to undergo thermally activated delayed photoluminescence. This phenomenon results from near quantitative triplet-triplet energy transfer from the nanocrystals to the surface-anchored molecules, producing a molecular triplet-state ‘reservoir’ that thermally repopulates the photoluminescent state of both CdSe and InP through endothermic reverse triplet-triplet energy transfer. The resultant photoluminescence decay properties are systematically and predictably tuned over several orders-of-magnitude through variation of the quantum dot–molecule energy gap, temperature, molecule surface coverage, and the triplet excited state lifetime of the molecular adsorbate. The concepts developed here appear to be generally applicable to semiconductor nanocrystals interfaced with molecular chromophores enabling potential applications of their combined excited states and leads to hybrid matter having deterministic excited state decay characteristics. The promotion of bimolecular reactivity from the triplets photogenerated at the surfaces of these nanomaterials promises broad application of quantum dot-molecule hybrids in photochemical synthesis, light-generation, photochemical upconversion, and PL-based sensor materials. 

Speakers

11:30-11:45
Discussion
11:45-12:15

Abstract

Excitons in organic semiconductors can decay radiatively or dissociate into free charge carriers at an interface, both with near unity quantum efficiencies. In these processes, electronic states within the optical gap of the material play an important role and often provide efficiency-limiting, non-radiative decay pathways for excitons and charge carriers. In this contribution, I will describe our efforts to characterize these tail- and sub-gap states, including charge-transfer and triplet states, using highly sensitive emission and absorption spectroscopy. For organic semiconductor blends with strongly reduced non-radiative losses, time-resolved emission spectroscopy at nanosecond to millisecond timescale is further an excellent probe for the recombination dynamics and interplay between free carriers, charge-transfer states and triplet states. I will discuss the molecular and morphological factors which are responsible for an efficient charge generation and reduced non-radiative recombination and provide guidelines for future high efficiency organic opto-electronic devices.

Speakers

11:45-12:15
Discussion
12:30-13:30
Lunch break

Chair

13:35-14:05

Abstract

Abstract will be available soon

Speakers

14:05-14:20
Discussion
14:20-14:50

Abstract

Abstract will be available soon

Speakers

14:50-15:05
Discussion
15:05-15:30
Tea break
15:30-16:00

Abstract

Paradigms for interpretation of femtosecond pump-probe experiments in nanocrystals concentrate on variations to their prominent band edge absorption band. They assume that excited holes and electrons cool within ~1 ps to the lowest available levels in the valence and conduction manifolds, and that the resulting bleach of the 1S1S absorption band progresses linearly with additional excitations until the underlying states are filled. Spectral shifts due to bi-exciton interactions on order 10 meV to absorption of electronically excited particles complete this conceptual framework.

To test these, spectator exciton experiments follow stepwise changes in nanocrystal absorption with the accumulated number of excitons by comparing pump-probe spectra in pristine nanocrystal samples with that from samples excited with a progressive number of cold excitons. Case studies will be presented showing that unexpectedly 50% of hot electrons are blocked from cooling directly to the band edge in CdSe nano-dots already excited with a single cold exciton due to spin orientation conflicts. Furthermore, that quantum confined PbS nano-dots exhibit a progressive and extreme broadening of the 1S1S1P1P absorption with loading of cold excitons, and that recently reported contributions of stimulated emission to pump-probe signals are not detected. Finally, that bi-exciton interactions in quantum confined all inorganic perovskite nanocrystals are repulsive and unusually strong.

 

 

Speakers

16:00-16:15
Discussion
16:15-17:00
Panel discussion and future directions

Speakers