This consultation is one in a series of reviews that OST is undertaking into the quality, management, and use of science by government departments. The Societys response recognises that there has been an improvement in Defras use of science in recent years and notes the key role that has been played by Defras Chief Scientific Advisor, Professor Howard Dalton. However there is still room for improvement by Defra. Our response outlines two occasions where Defra has failed to consult with relevant experts to ensure that the right questions are asked at the outset of a project and recommends some form of expert peer review for terms of reference for studies and key events.