Alan Martin is renowned for his research in the theory of elementary particles, which includes studies of mesic atoms, kaon physics, pi–pi scattering, hadron spectroscopy and the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon. His work on the W boson and top quark was valuable in the pioneering collider experiments.

His current ongoing projects include the determination, with Robert Thorne, of the parton distributions of the proton which are used worldwide; and innovative studies with Mikhail Ryskin, in small x and diffractive physics, which are relevant to the experiments at the Large Hadron Collider.

He is a well-known author of textbooks on particle physics. Indeed, Quarks and Leptons by Francis Halzen and Alan is now a standard text around the world. Alan was the main driving force behind the formation of the Centre for Particle Theory in Durham; and also of the merger of the Physics and Applied Physics departments, which was accomplished during his successful four-year period as Head of Department.